HOW TO LAYOUT A FOUNDATION-EASY METHOD

It is the process of developing the physical positions of corners and walls of a building, and it’s done by transferring dimensions from the layout plan (also called as setting out plan, demarcation plan) to the ground.

The setting out clearly defines the outline of the excavations and the centre lines, so that the construction can be carried out according to the plan.

PROCESS OF SETTING OUT.

Setting out is done on the principle of whole to part. According to this principle the largest possible rectangle of the building is found and set out. The rectangle is further partitioned into small parts (internal rooms)

• The first thing we need to establish is a parallel/ reference/ base line, to which all other lines can be related. This can be taken along an existing building close to the proposed new structure

Draw line perpendicular to the Baseline

One of the most important procedure used in setting out is the process of ensuring that all right angle corners are properly aligned. One of the simplest ways is to use the method

known as 3:4:5 triangle method

NOTE: Instead of 3 m, 4 m and 5 m a multiple can be chosen

e.g. 6 m, 8 m and 10 m or

e.g. 9 m, 12 m and 15 m.

you can find Diagonal by phythagoras theorem

a² + b² = c²

A- One side of the building

B- Other perpendicular side of the building.

check all the dimensions and set backs Repeat the procedure to obtain correct sizes and diagonals. .

After the correct layout of four corners of the building and exact diagonals are obtained, start centre marking for every footing By using steel tape, measure the distance of each footing and fix nails for each centre of the footing on one side.